hayes



(Specimens,) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. A. HAYES.

ASBBSTUS LUMBER.

No. 339,769. Patented Apr. 13, 1886.

HI! 51 ll WITNEEIEJEEI W Q IN E N TP\ w 477 (Specimens.) Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. A. HAYES.

. ASBESTUS LUMBER. No. 339,769. Patented Apr. 13, 1886.

WITNEE E5 INVENTUR M N PETERS Pnm-qmu n mn Washingmn, D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDXVIN HAYES, OF NElV YORK, N. Y.

ASBESTUS LUMBER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No 339,769, dated April 13, 1886.

Application filed May 29, 1885. Serial No. 167 755. (Specimens) To all whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, ED\VIN A. HAYES, of New York, in the county or" New York and State of New York, have invented certain Inr provements in Drying-Rooms Constructed of Asbestus Lumber, of which the following is a specification.

I have invented certain new and useful im provements in the manufacture of asbestus lumber applicable in drying-rooms as a substitute for boards of wood for use as sheathing; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the in vention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figu rel represents a perspective view showing the method of using my asbestus lumber in a drying-room for lining or sheathing purposes. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same on the line at, Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 represent transverse sections of my fastening devices. Figs. 6 and 7 are views of modified forms of blocks of my asbestus lumber. Figs. 8 and 9 are crosssections on the lines 'I 9 Fig. 6, and .2 .2, Fig. 7. Fig. 10 represents my asbestus lumber bent around a curved surface, and Fig. 11 a transverse section of the same on the lineww, Fig. 10. Figs. 12 and 13 represent transverse sectional views of apartments adapted to be used for drying. or seasoning purposes, and Figs. 14 and 15 are detail views showing the construction of blocks of my asbestus lumber.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre sponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to the construction of drying-rooms which are made of a new and useful material, which I designate as asbestus lumber, and which is applicable as a fireproof substitute for boards or blocks of wood for use as sheathing in cases where a wooden lining would be liable to become charred or inflamed; and it consists in the construction and arrangement of parts, as is hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In carrying out my improvement I make blocks, sheets, or boards of suitable length, thickness, and width by rolling and pressing together into one compact mass the material or compound consisting and composed (preferably of equal proportions) of the following ingredients, namely: long-fiber asbestos, iron flake fiber, pure asbestus, and kaolin, having been previously prepared by being brokennp or com minuted, then moistened, and afterward stirred together. Theseincombustible blocks or boards, which I term asbestus lumber, are dense, tough, inflexible, and may be sawed, cut with the chisel, and nailed to any convenient object in like manner as it is customary to operate upon boards, blocks, 820., made of wood.

For protecting buildings subject to great heat-as, for example, drying and bleaching rooms, drying-kilns, boiler-rooms,&c.-wher e the use of the ordinary wooden board is manlfestly dangerous and the lath and plaster wall is an insufiicient protection, the employment of my asbestus lumber in lieu of the other materials heretofore used is eminently suitable and advantageous.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 represents a portion of a drying'room protected by means ofboards, A, of asbestus lumber, which are secured to the frame-work B, preferably by means of-nails, pegs, or staples 0, (shown in detail in Figs. 3, 4, and 5,) and which are constructed of pure asbestus and made stifl or rigid, so as to readily penetrate or to be driven through nailholes in the asbestus board or block into the frame-work of the building or room to be protected, and in order to make the nail, staple, or peg C more firm I sometimes inclose within the same a piece of wire, 0, or equivalent rigid material. The form of fastenings I prefer, however, is a metallic staple covered with asbestus at all points, excepting the ends, which are bifurcated, in order to more easily bend and clinch when driven in, as shown in Fig. 5. I use this kind of fastenings in order to have a perfect non-conducting covering, for if I should use common iron nails or tacks they would act as conductors of heat, thereby drawing the heat through the insulating-covering, and allowing it either to come into contact with the material to be protectedas wooden bea1ns-or else allowing the heat to become radiated and escape through the atmosphere.

Along the seams and over the joints made where the various boards meet or lap I paste a strip 'of asbestus, D, (made into thin, narrow sheets,) in order to prevent any chance of any undue heat getting through thejoint and affecting the material protected.

The blocks or boards A are preferably made with the two sides or faces flat and parallel to each other, and having the edges tongued and grooved, as representedin Figs. 14 and 15, and in order to provide adead-air chamber between the asbestos lining and the surface to be covered I insert between the same, preferably at points where the fastenings O are placed, studs or small blocks a. Sometimes, however, as a modification of my invention, I form the boards of asbestos lumber with one flat face only, the other being provided with regular or irregular studs or projections or corrugations, as is shown in Figs. 6, 7, 8. and 9. i

-When constructing drying rooms where great heat is required, I sometimes construct the same solely of asbestus lumber, as shown in Fig. 12, where a cross-section of such an apartment is represented, the boards A and the asbestus angle-pieces A, which may take the place of the. stanchions and beams of an ordinary building,alike combining to make an absolutely fire-proof apartment.

A- peculiar adaptation of my asbestus lumber for use as a lining for drying-rooms con sists in the fact that .it is porous as regards dampness, while it is impermeable as regards heat. It therefore readily allows, as shown in Fig. 13, the dampness or moisture arising from the heated lumberG to pass th roughthe boards of asbestus A, and, following the dead-air pas sages or ventilating-Hues A", to escape into the open air while the lumber is in process of drying,without the necessity of opening the door or flue H in the top, which is the customary practice in the kilns now in use, and which impairs or partly destroys the usefulness of the drying-chamber. Thus by the use of a lining for drying-kilns constructed of my asbestus lumber, inasmuch as the moisture is constantly being removed from the chamber, the material to be seasoned can be dried in about half the time ordinarily required.

In. cases where it is desired to cover any irregular or to protect any curved surfacesas in turning corners, covering beams,stanchions, steam or hot-air pipesI soften the asbestos board by immersing the same in a solution of sulphate of alumina and carbonate of soda, and then apply the same to the surface to be protected, and on account of the flexibility of the softened board I am enabled to make a per- The asbestus board can also, after being softened,be placed around a curved surface,as

shown in Figs: 10 and 11, or can be formed on molds of any shape or design, and thereby adapted for use wherever required in dryingrooms.

A modification of my invention consists in constructing the blocks A with transverse perforations or hollow chambers a which may serve as dead-air passages or ventilating-Hues, as is clearly shown in Figs. 14 and 15. v Having thus described my invention,what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. In a drying-room, the combination, with a lining of asbestus lumber, consisting of a. number of pieces made of (preferably equal parts of) long-fiber asbestus, iron-flake fiber, pure asbestus, and kaolin, rolled and pressed into blocks or boards'A, and adapted to be porous to moisture, but impermeable as regards heat, and with non-conducting devices 0, adapted tofasten the various blocks or boards securely together, of a dead-air or ventilating flne, A", placed between the lining A and the frame of the drying-room, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a drying-room, the combination, with the boards or blocks of asbestos lumber A, adapledto coverand protect any surface liable to be affected by undue heat, and withthe studs or small blocks a, of the asbestus-fastening devices 0, adapted to be driven through .the board or block A, substantially as described.

3. In a drying-room, the combination, with the boards or blocks of asbestus lumber A,

and with the angle or corner pieces A, of thesame material, of the asbestus-fastening devices C, adapted to be driven through the board A and angle-piece A, substantially as set forth.

4. In a drying-room, the combination, with the boards of asbestus lumber A,and with the asbestus-fastening devices 0, of the thin narrow strips of asbestus D, adapted to cover the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a drying-room, a lining composed of the block A, constructed of (preferably equal parts of long-fiber asbestus, iron-flake fiber, pure asbestos, and kaolin, rolled and pressed together substantially as described, provided with two flat parallel sides or faces, and having the edges tongued and grooved, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

EDWIN. A. HAYES.

\Vitnesses:

CHARLES E. LEVERIDGE, J r., NICHOLAS DUNN.

IIC 

